UN Secretary General António Guterres visited Haiti on Tuesday, where surging gang violence has left more than one in 10 people homeless.
New statistics released by the UN reveal that 2,300 people have been killed across Haiti so far this year, with another 100 kidnapped, while 1.5 million have been displaced.
Guterres’ one-day visit to Port-au-Prince comes after more than 30 people were killed, injured or missing last weekend in Cité Soleil, a seaside slum, according to Cooperative for Peace and Development, a local human rights organisation.
“Gang violence is paralyzing Haiti, its economy, education system & aid delivery. But the situation can be turned around,” Guterres wrote in a post on X.
His convoy sped past a neighbourhood once fully controlled by gangs that left in their wake decimated car dealerships, abandoned homes and dozens of concrete buildings pockmarked with bullet holes.
Graffiti scrawled on a crumbling concrete wall read: “Down with Viv Ansanm, long live the police.”
Viv Ansanm is a powerful gang federation that the US government designated a foreign terrorist organisation and which is estimated to control 70% of Port-au-Prince.
Guterres travelled past dozens of Haitians who fled the clashes and now live in makeshift homes under large pieces of canvas strung up with frayed rope.
They are among the more than 300,000 people displaced by gang violence across Port-au-Prince. Among them are more than 18,000 people who fled the Cité Soleil slum in May, according to the UN International Organisation for Migration (IOM).
“Haiti’s displacement crisis is entering an even more alarming phase,” Gregoire Goodstein, IOM chief of mission in Haiti, said in a recent statement.
Guterres’ first stop was the headquarters of the new gang-suppression force, which the UN Security Council approved in September.
It replaces a UN-backed mission led by Kenyan police that aimed to help Haiti’s National Police fight gangs but remained underfunded and understaffed.
So far, Jamaica, Chad, El Salvador and Guatemala have deployed troops that number less than 1,000 to form part of the growing force, which is due to start operations in the coming weeks.
They are expected to work with Haiti’s National Police and its growing Armed Forces, with hundreds of Haitian men and a couple of women lining up on a dusty road hoping to interview to join.
Guterres then met behind closed doors with Prime Minister Alix Didier Fils-Aimé, who is under pressure to hold elections in the country of nearly 12 million people that hasn’t had a president since Jovenel Moïse was killed in his home in July 2021.
“We had a frank conversation about what’s happening in Haiti, the vision the government has for the future,” Fils-Aimé said after the meeting.
He said security is a priority so the transitional government can hold elections and “get back to republican rule.” Fils-Aimé added that Guterres can help with that effort by ensuring that the countries backing the gang-suppression force “live up to their engagement.”
‘We don’t have a life here’
Guterres also stopped by a makeshift shelter in a former school where dozens of the people living there crowded around him.
Forced to flee their homes after gangs shot up their community and set fire to it, some had been living there for up to four years.
“Solino is not ready,” 31-year-old Clifford Lala said of going back to his community. It was one of the last holdouts in Port-au-Prince until gangs overran it.
Guterres ducked into a hot classroom and met privately with a group of six women who decried the lack of privacy at the shelter, even to shower or use the bathroom, and said they worried about their young children.
“It’s skin-to-skin and mouth-to-mouth,” said one woman.
The shelter houses more than 1,200 people who sleep side by side and only one meal a day is guaranteed.
“We’re going to do our best,” Guterres told the women.
Outside, a man began to slap the building’s metal siding and bellowed, “We want to go back home!” His voice grew louder and angrier as security walked into the room and whisked Guterres away.
Wendy Cejour, 26, told the AP news agency that he and his family have been living at the school for a year and a half.
“As long as we’re alive we have hope, but…things are difficult,” he said. “We ask…to return to our neighbourhood to live better, because we don’t have a life here.”
A day before Guterres’ visit, Human Rights Watch published a letter urging him to protect the population and target the root causes of violence and human rights abuses. The organisation also called for a “full-fledged UN mission” in Haiti.
“Even when fully staffed and resourced, security measures alone will not suffice to address this situation,” the rights group wrote.
“Any meaningful strategy should include effective protection for victims of violence, credible pathways for disengagement from criminal groups, accountability for abuses, and a coordinated humanitarian response to help restore access to basic goods and services.”