So far, and despite its decarbonization challenges, Poland has proactively shaped EU energy policy. Notably, Prime Minister Donald Tusk proposed the “Energy Union” in 2014 to strengthen energy security, reduce reliance on Russian energy and promote joint gas purchases. These ideas influenced the 2022 REPowerEU Plan.
Poland also contributed to establishing financial mechanisms supporting the energy transition, such as the EU’s Modernization Fund and the Just Transition Fund, aiding coal-dependent regions. Collaboration with the European Commission has helped fund key energy infrastructure, including interconnectors across Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Currently, Poland is advancing offshore wind projects, positioning itself as a regional leader alongside Baltic states. These initiatives integrate supply chains, foster innovation, and promote cooperation.
Ensuring energy security during crisis
During PKEE Energy Day 2024, Paulina Hennig-Kloska, Poland’s minister of climate and environment, stressed that Poland’s presidency will prioritize energy security while pursuing climate objectives. She emphasized investments in renewable energy, energy storage technologies and grid modernization. A top priority for Poland’s presidency will be delivering the REPowerEU goal to phase out the EU’s reliance on Russian fossil fuels. It would be worthwhile for this phase out to be permanent and integrated into the EU’s climate and energy security policies. Lessons learned from Russia’s war in Ukraine must drive long-term resilience and independence in Europe’s energy systems. Ditte Juul Jorgensen, director-general for energy at the European Commission, underscored the importance of collaboration: “The Polish presidency will play a key role in safeguarding energy security while ensuring a fair transition for all EU member states.” Nicola Pochettino from the European Investment Bank stressed the need to reduce energy costs while supporting climate goals, indicating that a just transition must benefit all citizens and regions.
A competitive industrial strategy
Europe’s energy sector plays a vital role in decarbonizing industry, promoting electrification and ensuring competitive energy prices. However, challenges remain. High energy costs continue to hinder European businesses, with electricity prices in 2023 still 80% higher than in the US and 55% higher than in China. These disparities threaten the EU’s industrial competitiveness. Poland’s presidency aims to strengthen European industry’s competitiveness, supported by proposals like the Clean Industrial Deal, which seeks to lower energy costs and support clean energy. Marzena Czarnecka, Poland’s minister of industry, stressed the importance of competitiveness on Poland’s agenda. Jakub Jaworowski, minister of state assets, echoed this, noting that the energy transition must deliver low-cost, clean energy and competitive prices for the industry.
